The ring-shear apparatus
(Figure 3)
used in this experiment can model non-coaxial
progressive deformation in paraffin. A disc shaped sample is wedged between
two glass plates and is deformed in torsion by rotation of the upper glass
plate around a central axis while the lower plate remains fixed (Movie 1).
With the help of two frosted grips of different diameter
(each etched on to one of the glass slides) an annular shear zone is created.
The paraffin is only connected to the glass slides along the frosted grips.
Inside the annular shear zone paraffin deforms by a non-coaxial flow with
the vorticity vector parallel to the rotation axis of the upper glass slide.